Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald (September 24, 1896 – December 21,1940) was an Irish-American Jazz Age novelist and short story writer.

Fitzgerald is take to be one of a greatest Our contries writers of the twentieth century. Within his have age, Fitzgerald was a self-soi-disant spokesman of the "Lost Generation", or a Americans innate in the 1890s who came aged when you took World War I. He crafted 5 novels & twelve of short stories that address themes of youth, despair, & age. Several admire what it assume his remarkable emotional honesty. His heroes—handsome, caring, & doomed—blaze brilliantly prior to exploding, & his heroines come occasionally beautiful, intricate, & enticing.

Early years
Natural within Saint Paul, Minnesota to a upper-middle class Roman Catholic personal, Fitzgerald was known as for his distant & far-famed proportional Francis Scott Key, but was normally referred to as 'Scott'.

Fitzgerald spent 1898–1901 & 1903–1908 within Buffalo, New York, where his father worked for Procter & Gamble. While Fitzgerald, Sr., was pink-slipped, a personal pull back to Minnesota, in which Fitzgerald attended Saint Paul Academy and Summit School in Saint Paul, Minnesota from 1908–1911. He so attended Newman School, a preparatory school inside Hackensack, Future Jersey, within 1911–12. He entered Princeton University in 1913 as a member of the Class of 1917 & became friends with a new critics and writers Edmund Wilson (Class of '16) & John Peale Bishop (Class of '17). Saddled sustaining academic difficulties throughout his tierce-month career at a university, Fitzgerald dropped call at 1917 to enlist in the United States Army when Usa entered World War I.

Fearing he will die in the war, & determined to leave the literary bequest, Fitzgerald wrote the novel entitled A Romantic Egoist spell inside officer how to videos at Camp Zachary Taylor and Camp Sheridan. After Fitzgerald submitted a novel to the publisher Charles Scribner's Sons, the editor praised Fitzgerald but ultimately declined to publish.

A war ended shortly fallowing Fitzgerald's enlistment, & he was freed while forgoing ever getting been shipped to Europe.

Life with Zelda
When at Camp Sheridan, Fitzgerald met Zelda Sayre (1900–1948), the "top girl," inside Fitzgerald's words, of Montgomery, Alabama, youth society. Them were engaged around 1919 and Fitzgerald moved into an flat at 200 Claremont Avenue around New York City to try to lay a foundation for his life sustaining Zelda. Working at an advertising house & writing short stories, Fitzgerald was unentity to convince Zelda that he would exist as able to trend lines her. She broke off a engagement & Fitzgerald returned to his parents' home within St. Paul to revise A Romantic Egotist. Recast when This Side of Paradise, it was accepted by Scribner's in the fall of 1919, and Zelda and Scott resumed their engagement. A novel was published in March 26, 1920, and became one of a virtually all popular books of a month, defining the flapper generation. A next week, Scott & Zelda were married within Just released York's St. Patrick's Cathedral. Their girl & lone infant, Frances Scott "Scottie" Fitzgerald, was born on October 26, 1921.

The Roaring Twenties
A 1920s proved the virtually all influential decade of Fitzgerald's development. His 2nd novel, The Beautiful and Damned, published within 1922, represents an telling development across a relatively unformed This Side of Paradise. The Great Gatsby, which many assume his masterpiece, was published around 1925. Fitzgerald mass produced many noted excursions to Europe, notably Paris and the French Riviera, and became friends using numerous members of the Western expatriate community within Paris, notably Ernest Hemingway.

Fitzgerald drew largely upon his wife’s vivid personality around his writings, at days quoting straight segments of her private diaries inside his operate. Zeldthe manufactured mention of this around a 1922 mock read in the New York Tribune, saying that “[i]t seems to maine that in the single home I personally recognized a part of an old diary of mine which enigmatically disappeared shortly when our marriage, & besides scraps of letters which, though substantially emended, healthy to me mistily familiar. In point of fact, Mr. Fitzgerald—I personally suppose that is how else he spells his title—seems to suppose that plagiarism begins home" (Zelda Fitzgerald: The Collected Writings, 338).

Although Fitzgerald's passion lay in writing novels, they never sold well enough to support the opulent lifestyle that he and Zelda adopted as New York celebrities. To support this lifestyle, he turned to writing short stories for such magazines as the Saturday Evening Post, Collier's Magazine, and Esquire magazine, and sold movie rights of his stories and novels to Hollywood studios. He was constantly in financial trouble and often required loans from his literary agent, Harold Ober, and his editor at Scribner's, Maxwell Perkins.

Fitzgerald began working on his fourth novel during the late 1920s but was sidetracked by financial difficulties that necessitated his writing commercial short stories, and the schizophrenia that struck Zelda Sayre Fitzgerald in 1930. Her emotional health remained fragile for the rest of her life. In 1932, she was hospitalized in Baltimore, Maryland, and Scott rented the "La Paix" estate in the suburb of Towson to work on his book, which had become the story of the rise and fall of Dick Diver, a promising young psychoanalyst and his wife, Nicole, who is also one of his patients. It was published in 1934 as Tender is the Night. [http://www.pinkmonkey.com/booknotes/monkeynotes/pmTender01.asp] Critics regard it as one of Fitzgerald's finest works.

Hollywood years
Once again in dire financial straits, Fitzgerald spent the second half of the 1930s in Hollywood, working on commercial short stories, scripts for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, and his fifth and final novel, The Love of the Last Tycoon, based on the life of film executive Irving Thalberg. He and Zelda became estranged; she continued living in mental institutions on the east coast, while he lived with his lover Sheilah Graham, a movie columnist, in Hollywood.

From 1939 until his death, Fitzgerald mocked himself as a Hollywood hack through the character of Pat Hobby in a sequence of 17 short stories later collected as "The Pat Hobby Stories."

Always something of an alcoholic and consequently in poor health during the late 1930s, Fitzgerald suffered two heart attacks in late 1940. After the first he was ordered by his doctor to avoid strenuous exertion and to obtain a first floor apartment. As Sheilah Graham, his lover at the time, had an apartment on the first floor, he moved in with her. On the night of December 20, 1940 he had his second heart attack; but since the doctor was to come to his house the following day, he and Sheilah went home. On December 21, 1940, F. Scott Fitzgerald collapsed while clutching the mantlepiece in Sheilah Graham's apartment and died at the age of 44.

His funeral was attended by very few people. Among the attendants was Dorothy Parker, who reportedly cried and murmured, "the unfortunate boy of the bitch," a line from Jay Gatsby's funeral in Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby. Zelda died in a fire at the Highland mental institution in Asheville, North Carolina, in 1948. The two were originally buried in Rockville Union Cemetery but with the permission and assistance of their only child, Frances "Scottie" Fitzgerald Lanahan Smith, the Women's Club of Rockville had their bodies moved to the family plot in Saint Mary's Cemetery, in Rockville, Maryland.

Fitzgerald never completed The Love of the Last Tycoon. His notes for the novel were edited by his friend Edmund Wilson and published in 1941 as The Last Tycoon. However, there is now critical agreement that Fitzgerald intended the title of the book to be The Love of the Last Tycoon, as is reflected in a new 1994 edition of the book, edited by Fitzgerald scholar Matthew Bruccoli of the University of South Carolina.

Works

Novels
This Side of Paradise (1920) The Beautiful and Damned (1922) The Great Gatsby (1925) Tender is the Night (1934) The Love of the Last Tycoon (1940)

Short story collections
Flappers and Philosophers (1920) Tales of the Jazz Age (1922) All the Sad Young Men (1926) Taps at Reveille (1935) "The Short Stories of F. Scott Fitzgerald" (1989)

Other works
The Vegetable (play, 1923) The Crack-Up (essays and stories, 1945)

Quotations
"a line 2 text of a number 1-a-one intelligence is a ability to hang on to deuce opposing ideas around mind at the equivalent period & however locate the ability to work." "We was a spark that lit higher Flaming Youth, Colleen Moore was the torch. What little items i am to own stimulated completely that condition." "If that you sense such as criticizing any a single, good remember that all the population inside this globe haven't experienced a benefits you've got." "There are everthing sort of love therein globe, however never a equivalent love twice." "Indicate us the hero, & I personally might write we the tragedy." The following quotations are from The Great Gatsby: "Each 1 suspects himself of at least one of a primal virtues, & this is mine: We are one of a pack honorable population that We've ever known" "It is the rotten crowd," I shouted across the lawn. "Wise shoppers're worth a whole damn bunch jointly." "Potty't repeat a past?" he cried incredulously. "How come naturally busy people may!" "He wanted non association using aglitter items & glistering humans — he wanted a glistering items themselves." "the unfortunate boy of a bitch." "It were careless population, Tom & Daisy—it smash items & animals so retreated back into their money or even even their brobdingnagian negligence or whatever it was that saved a babies together, & let more humans uninfected higher the mess they experienced mass produced . . . ."

Ernest Hemingway once said of F. Scott Fitzgerald: Hemingway is responsible for a famous misquotation of Fitzgerald's. According to the author, a conversation between him and Fitzgerald went:

This never actually happened; it is a retelling of an actual encounter between Hemingway and Mary Colum, which went as follows:

Biography and criticism
The standard biographies of Scott and Zelda Fitzgerald are Arthur Mizener's The Far Side of Paradise (1951, 1965), and Matthew Bruccoli's Some Sort of Epic Grandeur (1981). Bruccoli's account is more readable and more accurate. Fitzgerald's letters have also been published in various editions such as Dear Scott, Dearest Zelda: The Love Letters of F. Scott and Zelda Fitzgerald, ed. Jackson R. Bryer and Cathy W. Banks (2002); Correspondence of F. Scott Fitzgerald, ed. Matthew Bruccoli and Margaret Duggan (1980), and F. Scott Fitzgerald: A Life in Letters, ed. Matthew Bruccoli (1994). Zelda Fitzgerald published a novel, Save Me the Waltz, in 1932. The film "Beloved Infidel" (1959) portrays Fitzgerald (played by Gregory Peck) during his final years as a Hollywood scenarist. Another movie called "Last Call" (2002) (Jeremy Irons plays the role of F. Scott Fitzgerald) describes the relationship with Frances Kroll during his last two years of life.